C1 Unit 20: Ideas & thinking 1
20 C1 words: turn to, condition, absolute, chart, recall, hence… Learn them in 4 steps, then review them every day.
Word list
| Word | Meaning | Example | |
|---|---|---|---|
| turn to/tɝn tu/ v | to turn toto ask someone for help | When Lucy has problems, she can always turn to her sister.When Lucy has problems, she can always turn to her sister. | |
| condition/kənˈdɪʃən/ v | to conditionto train someone to behave in a certain way | Good teachers condition students to ask questions and think deeply.Good teachers condition students to ask questions and think deeply. | |
| absolute/ˈæbsəˌlut/ n | absolutesomething completely true or fixed | There are no absolutes in this debate, only different opinions.There are no absolutes in this debate, only different opinions. | |
| chart/tʃɑrt/ v | to chartto make a map or record of something | The explorer used the stars to chart the route across the sea.The explorer used the stars to chart the route across the sea. | |
| recall/ˈriˌkɔl/ n | recallthe ability to remember things | Tom has a perfect recall of every phone number he hears.Tom has a perfect recall of every phone number he hears. | |
| hence/hɛns/ adv | hencefor this reason | The road is closed; hence we must take another route.The road is closed; hence we must take another route. | |
| sacrifice/ˈsækrəˌfaɪs/ n/v | sacrificegiving up something valuable for another reason | Parents often make a sacrifice so their children can study.Parents often make a sacrifice so their children can study. | |
| quest/kwɛst/ n | questa long search for something | Their quest for the lost treasure took several years.Their quest for the lost treasure took several years. | |
| dominant/ˈdɑmənənt/ adj | dominantstronger or more important than others | English is the dominant language in international business.English is the dominant language in international business. | |
| scenario/sɪˈnɛrioʊ/ n | scenarioa possible situation or series of events | In the worst scenario, the match will be cancelled because of rain.In the worst scenario, the match will be cancelled because of rain. | |
| linear/ˈlɪniɚ/ adj | lineargoing in a straight line or simple order | The story is not linear; it jumps between different years.The story is not linear; it jumps between different years. | |
| pose/poʊz/ v | to poseto create a problem or danger | The new software could pose a risk to private data.The new software could pose a risk to private data. | |
| ethical/ˈɛθɪkəl/ adj | ethicalrelating to what is morally right | It is not ethical to copy another student’s work.It is not ethical to copy another student’s work. | |
| testament/ˈtɛstəmənt/ n | testamentclear proof of something | The new bridge is a testament to the skill of the workers.The new bridge is a testament to the skill of the workers. | |
| thereby/ˈðɛrˈbaɪ/ adv | therebyby that means; as a result | Anna saved money for a year, thereby buying her first car.Anna saved money for a year, thereby buying her first car. | |
| speculation/ˌspɛkjəˈleɪʃən/ n | speculationguessing without full knowledge | There is much speculation about when the company will announce its plans.There is much speculation about when the company will announce its plans. | |
| coupled/ˈkʌpəld/ adj | coupledcombined with another thing | Cold weather, coupled with heavy rain, closed the roads.Cold weather, coupled with heavy rain, closed the roads. | |
| integral/ˈɪntəɡrəl/ adj | integralnecessary as part of a whole | Teamwork is an integral part of our company’s culture.Teamwork is an integral part of our company’s culture. | |
| puzzle/ˈpʌzəl/ v | to puzzleto confuse someone and make them think | The strange noise began to puzzle everyone in the house.The strange noise began to puzzle everyone in the house. | |
| profound/proʊˈfaʊnd/ adj | profoundvery deep or strong | The book had a profound effect on the way Sam sees life.The book had a profound effect on the way Sam sees life. |